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THOMSON'S GAZELLE

Scientific name: Gazella thomsonii 
Sub-species: Serengeti Thomson's gazelle (E. t. nasalis)
Weight: 35 to 55 lb.
Size: 22 to 26 in. at the shoulder
Life span: 10 to 15 years in the wild 
Habitat: Open grasslands and light woodlands.
Playable by: Newbies, Members, and Seniors
Aggression level: Low/Medium
Gestation: 6 months 
Predators: African lion, Spotted hyena, Nile Crocodile, African cheetah, Painted wolves, African leopard,
Black-Backed Jackal, and African rock python.

Predators of the young: Lappet-faced vulture, Caracal, Serval and Martial eagle

Basic behavior:


- Thomson's gazelles are grazers which prefer short green grassland habitats, but will also move towards lightly wooded areas or long grassland areas to look for water or to avoid large aggregations of Blue wildebeests and Plains zebras. These gazelles are particularly water-independent, even during the dry season. In the mornings, Thomson's gazelle rest, having their rumps facing the sun, adopting a sunbathing behavior then they proceed during the rest of the day to feed, travel, and rest. At night, they have two activity peeks one being at the start of night time the other being at the end.

- Thomson's gazelles have a very open, semi-nomadic, leaderless, and fluid social structure; individuals in herds come in go without forming deep connections with the previous herd mates. They adopt three main herd structures:

1. Large aggregations of these gazelles usually happen during migration periods, where large female herds and their young are in the center of good pasture areas while territorial males settle temporary territories having bachelor males on the outskirts of these set territories. Mixed herds of females, young and adult nonterritorial males can also happen to replace female herds. 
(To be considered an aggregation the herd must exceed 20 individuals)

2. Bachelor herds of Thomson's gazelle, represent immature individuals that contest larger mature males for the right to breed, however outside of the breeding season and migration periods large territorial males join these herds. In these herds males will spar with each other to determine who is the most dominant, these help the young bucks to get prepared for adult life as a territorial buck.

3. Female herds consist of females and their immature fawns, these herds outside of breeding seasons and migration periods can sometimes mix with bachelor herds or nonterritorial males.

- Calving season for these antelopes occurs during both the start of the wet season and dry season. The rut for this species generally occurs two weeks after most fawns are born, when the females turn into estrus.

- When a predator is spotted Thomson's gazelles, stare at the threat and sometimes follow the threat for few miles to make sure it doesn't try to sneak past them when they have their backs turned. When taken by surprise, however, Thomson's gazelle run away as fast as they can, and if the chase is failed the Gazelle will react the exact same way as mentioned above.
 
Predators such as jackals, caracals, servals, and even eagles also represent a threat, but because of their small size, Thomson's gazelle can stand their ground against those if they choose to hunt them or come near their personal space. To show their physical fitness to a predator to discourage it to target them, Thomson's gazelle stot while being chased.

- Thomson's gazelles are very tolerant of other animal species, such as zebras, wildebeests, ostriches, warthogs ... etc. If a gazelle has it's personal space invaded by something bigger than it is, it will trot away, but if it's smaller it will not hesitate to mock charge or charge at it to remove it from its space.

Physical characteristics:

Thomson’s gazelles, named for researcher Joseph Thomson, have light-brown coats with dark stripes running down their sides, a white patch on their rumps extending underneath the tail, and ridged horns that curve backward. Females may have shorter, smoother, and slimmer horns than males or none at all. Out of the two Thomson's gazelle sub-species this is the biggest and most colorful 

THOMSON'S GAZELLE CONSERVATION STATUS

 

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conservation status Near threatened.png

NEAR THREATENED.

The population estimate is around 550,000. The population had declined 60% from 1978 to 2005. Threats to Thomson's gazelles are tourist impacts, habitat modification, fire management, and road development. Surveys have reported steep declines (60-70%) over periods of about 20 years dating from the late 1970s in several places, including the main strongholds for the species: Serengeti, Masai Mara, and Ngorongoro
 

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Male Roles/Reactions:

- Territorial males are large mature bucks, ready to contest for the right to breed. when a herd of females passes through an area, these males will secure a small home range and chase every male out of it. These males also territory mark vigorously, by weaving grass, and defecating. These males will make sure no female leaves as long as he can, shepherding them back to the center of his territory.

- When two males are about to fight for a territory, they will first face each other and graze if no one backs down they start fighting, the winner wins the territory and chases off the old rival.


- When reaching sub-adult, males generally tend to leave their mothers to live in bachelor groups because they are constantly being chased away from the territory the herds get in.

Mixed herd species: Plains Zebra, Topi, Coke's Hartebeest, Grant's gazelle, Common Eland, and Blue Wildebeest

Interspecific competition: None

Call and Emotes meaning:

1. Alarm call used to alert members of the herd of a predators precense

Female Roles/Reactions:

- After giving birth to a fawn the mother will keep it hidden for a couple of months, she will come back quite frequently to nurse it and give it food. When it starts eating solid food the mother will allow it to follow her.

- A mother Thomson's gazelle will protect her offspring against Caracal and serval cats, jackals, vultures, Martial eagles and maybe try to distract a baboon but otherwise, she will abandon her fawn.

- Once the fawn reaches young adult, the mother will no longer care for her current fawn.

Juvenile Roles/Reactions:

- The fawn will stay hidden no matter what, if it's not touched the fawn will stay completely still until its mother comes back to nurse it. Once it can eat solid food it will be able to follow its mother.

- If the mother dies the fawn will not be nursed or protected by any other female.

WROTE BY ENDERSHADOW

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